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Setting desktop resolution larger than physical screen resolution in Debian 12

To set desktop size to 3000 x 2000:

xrandr --output DP-1 --mode 1920x1080 --panning 3000x2000 --scale 1.5625x1.8519

To set desktop size to appropriate resolution for a printful mug (2700 x 1050 minus 30 px on all sides for transparent margin):

xrandr --output DP-1 --mode 1920x1080 --panning 2640x990 --scale 1.3750x0.9167

This produces errors, but gives the right sized desktop:

xrandr --output DP-1 --mode 1920x1080 --panning 2640x990 --scale 0.9167x0.9167

To restore to normal display settings:

xrandr --output DP-1 --mode 1920x1080 --panning 1920x1080 --scale 1x1